静态路由与动态路由
静态路由与动态路由
拓扑
例图：
实际图（除出入端口外，其他与例图一致）：
Switch0 配置
- 设置与路由连线的接口为trunk
Switch(config)#int g0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
- 划分VLAN
Switch(config)#VLAN 10
Switch(config-vlan)#name Finance
Switch(config-vlan)#VLAN 20
Switch(config-vlan)#name Student
Switch(config-if)#int fa 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
% Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 10
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#int fa0/24
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
% Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 20
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
- 查看VLAN信息
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21
Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 Finance active Fa0/1
20 Student active Fa0/24
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
10 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 0
20 enet 100020 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------
Router7 配置
- 启用到 S0 的端口
Router(config)#host R7
R7(config)#int fa0/0
R7(config-if)#no shut
R7(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
- 回到 S0 检查 Trunk 状态
Switch#show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Gig0/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Gig0/1 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Gig0/1 1,10,20
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Gig0/1 none
Switch#show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Gig0/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Gig0/1 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Gig0/1 1,10,20
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Gig0/1 1,10,20
- 为 R7 子接口封装dot1q
R7(config)#int fa 0/0.10
R7(config-subif)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state to up
R7(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10
R7(config-subif)#ip add 172.16.0.10 255.255.255.248
R7(config-subif)#exit
R7(config)#int fa0/0.20
R7(config-subif)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to up
R7(config-subif)#ip add 172.16.0.20 255.255.255.248
- 检测状态
R7#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset up up
FastEthernet0/0.10 172.16.0.10 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.20 172.16.0.20 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial3/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet4/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet5/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
- 测试单臂路由
填好对应IP后，PC间互ping：
Router4 配置
Router(config)#host R4
R4(config)#
R4(config)#int fa0/0
R4(config-if)#ip add 202.96.128.85
% Incomplete command.
R4(config-if)#ip add 202.96.128.85 255.255.255.252
R4(config-if)#no shut
R4(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R4(config-if)#int s2/0
R4(config-if)#ip add 202.96.128.82 255.255.255.252
R4(config-if)#no shut
R4(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R4(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#
R4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Seria0/0^Z
R4#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
- 此时 到 Router5 中启用对应端口
Router(config)#host R5
R5(config)#int s2/0
R5(config-if)#no shut
R5(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
- Router4 中提示线路状态改变为 Up
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
- Router4 配置缺省路由
R4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S2/0
Router5 配置
- 配置IP
R5(config)#int S2/0
R5(config-if)#ip add 202.96.128.81 255.255.255.252
R5(config-if)#int s3/0
R5(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252
R5(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial3/0, changed state to down
- 配置缺省路由与OSPF
R5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S2/0
- Server0 IP 配置
Router6 配置
- IP 配置
Router(config-if)#int s2/0
Router(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#int s3/0
Router(config-if)#ip add 10.10.20.2 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#
- OSPF配置
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
Router(config-router)#
00:59:18: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 202.96.128.81 on Serial2/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
继续配置 Router7
- IP配置
R7(config)#int s2/0
R7(config-if)#ip add 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.252
R7(config-if)#no shut
R7(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
- OSPF配置
R7(config)#router ospf 1
R7(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
R7(config-router)#network 172.16.0.8 0.0.0.7 area 0
R7(config-router)#network 172.16.0.16 0.0.0.7 area 0
R7(config-router)#
01:01:59: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.10.20.2 on Serial2/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
测试
三台设备IP & 互ping
Server0 配置DNS
Server0 配置HTTP服务，并在PC0、Laptop0上分别以 IP 及 URL方式访问
